We investigated the protective role of withania somnifera leaf extract wslet on isoproterenol iso induced myocardial infarction mi in rats. Recently, a new advantageous crystal form of puerarin, puerarinv, has been developed. Other variables potential confoundersrisk factors were selected from the literature 23, 24. Hf is often the end stage in the cardiovascular disease continuum 3,4. Acute myocardial infarction mi is associated with a 30% mortality rate. Isoproterenol induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice has been used in a number of studies to model human cardiac disease. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of micro rna mir128 in hypertensioninduced myocardial injury. Myocardial infarction mi is a common presentation of ischemicheartdiseaseihd. List of myocardial infarction, prophylaxis medications 27. Protective effects of cardamom in isoproterenolinduced. Evaluation of cardioprotective effect of tinospora. Mi from symptoms, ecg abnormalities and cardiac enzymes. Rat infarct model of myocardial infarction and heart failure. Guidelines for the identification of patients with acs in the emergency room anderson.
A single subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol 85 mgkg results in a rapid, marked increase in infarctlike myocardial necrosis in rats. Desfluraneinduced myocardial protection the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Jun 04, 2015 at the platelet level, it decreases the secretion induced by collagen and causes the inhibition of serotonin reuptake and platelet activation, wider than the simple antiserotonergic effect. This possibility was also tested measuring marker enzymes of myocardial damage in serum at the time of infarction table 1. Esc clinical practice guidelines aim to present all the relevant evidence to help physicians weigh the benefits and risks of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic. Exercise training, indomethacin, and isoproterenolinduced. Research article amelioration of isoproterenol induced oxidative damage in rat myocardium by withania somnifera leaf extract md. To analyse reports of druginduced myocardial infarction and chest pain sent to a national reporting centre. Isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in rats purpose and rationale cardiac necrosis can be produced by injection of natural and synthetic sympathomimetics in high doses. Druginduced myocardial infarction secondary to coronary artery spasm concluded that the syndrome is considerably more polymor phic than initially inferred by prinzmetal et al. Male wistar albino rats were divided into four groups n10. Centella asiatica against isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction in rats.
Despite therapeutic advances, acute myocardial infarction ami remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The condition is generally benign but may occasionally cause myocardial ischemia, infarction, arrhythmia, or sudden cardiac death. Role of nitric oxide in isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction. Cardiac index ci was markedly reduced, averaging 1. Therefore, we sought to determine the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of. Although there is increasing recognition that cancer and heart. Rats were weighed and put down 24 hours after the final subcutaneous injection of iso. Preventive effects of vanillic acid on lipids, bax, bcl2 and myocardial infarct size on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats. Pdf evaluation of cardioprotective role of vinpocetine. Heart failure is a common longterm sequel of acute myocardial infarction. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of tunisian flaxseed oil linum usitatissimum against isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction in rats by studying hypertensive and cardiac damage.
The health metric score was derived from ideal levels. One potential limitation of the current treatment paradigm is the lack of effective therapies to optimize reperfusion after ischemia and prevent reperfusionmediated injury. Potential implications related to diagnosing type 2 mi versus. Diagnosis is by ecg and the presence or absence of serologic markers. Unmet needs in managing myocardial infarction in patients with.
Eplerenone attenuates myocardial infarction in diabetic. Heart failure hf is a progressive disorder of myocardial remodeling characterized by impaired cardiac function and circulatory congestion 1,2. Acute myocardial infarction is myocardial necrosis resulting from acute obstruction of a coronary artery. Desfluraneinduced myocardial protection full text view. Myocardial injury is detected when biomarkers troponin t or i or ckmb are elevated. Myocardial infarction heart attack is the irreversible damage of myocardial tissue caused by prolonged ischemia and hypoxia. Nitroglycerine induced acute myocardial infarction in a. Druginduced myocardial infarction secondary to coronary. Subcutaneous injection of iso 85 mgkg body weight b. Studies of clinical and hemodynamic changes in patients with shock due to acute myocardial infarction were conducted.
Research protective effects of article centella asiatica. Effects of isoproterenol on myocardial structure and. Induction of myocardial infarction myocardial infarction was induced by isoproterenol hydrochloride 85mgkg body weight, dissolved in normal saline given through subcutaneous injection for two consecutive days 29th and 30th. Eplerenone postacute myocardial infarction heart failure efficacy and survival study patients with a baseline history of hypertension medscape. During the 20year period 1975 through 1994, a total of 19 141 reports on adverse reactions to drugs were received by the netherlands centre for monitoring. This is achieved with urgent hospitalization and medical therapy, including drugs that relieve chest pain and reduce the size of the. Effects of isoproterenol on myocardial structure and function. Symptoms include chest discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. Myocardial infarction, antioxidants, isoproterenol, natural. Mechanism of isoproterenol induced myocardial damage. It was hypothesized that endurance exercise training would attenuate isoproterenolinduced myocardial necrosis in the rat by increasing the concentration of prostacyclin in the myocardial vasculature. Adenosineinduced stress myocardial perfusion imaging using.
This study is designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of fenugreek on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction and is investigated by an in vivo method in rats. Rosmarinic acid was injected intraperitoneally once daily for 4 days, from the day. To study the harmful effects of isoproterenol on myocardium rats were injected with isoproterenol 10 or 0. Role of mir128 in hypertensioninduced myocardial injury. During the 20year period 1975 through 1994, a total of 19 141 reports on adverse reactions to drugs were received by the netherlands centre for monitoring of.
Isoproterenolinduced myocardial injury and diastolic. The objectives of the study were to assess the association between the proposed cardiovascular health metric score and incident myocardial infarction mi and to estimate the generalized impact fraction gif. Preclinical studies as well as several clinical studies showed that during ischemic damage, oxidative stress produced by the generation of reactive oxygen species ros plays a key role in the development. Thirty young, male, wistar rats 145 to 230 g were randomly allocated in two groups. It is predicted that heart disease and stroke will become the leading cause of death and disability worldwide by the year 2020, with the. Research article amelioration of isoproterenolinduced oxidative damage in rat. The pathophysiology of myocardial infarctioninduced heart.
Isoproterenolinduced cardiac hypertrophy in mice has been used in a number of studies to model human cardiac disease. The first section discusses unstable angina and nonst elevation myocardial infarction mi, which are known together as acute coronary syndromes acs. We performed microarray analyses on rna from mice with isoproterenol. Cardiac troponins are specific to the heart and elevations represent injury and necrosis. The american heart association has proposed an impact goal for the year 2020 to improve cardiovascular health by 20%. Isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction in wistar rats rizwana afroz, 1,2 e. Amidst several mechanisms proposed to explain the isoproterenol induced myocardial harm, one. Abs tract hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism were evaluated in 18 patients in cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction.
Managing mi in patients with cancer is a clinical challenge. Risk factors for hf include genetic factors, diet, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, stress, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Variant angina is defined by the angiographic demonstration of spontaneous or induced coronary spasm in. The clinical use of norepinephrine in the treatment of shock accompanying myocardial infarction and other conditions. Approximately half of all patients with an mi are rehospitalized within 1 year of their index event. Myocardial infarction is usually induced in small animals by means of invasive techniques based on mechanical coronary obstruction. On the days th and 14 th of study protocol, isoproterenol iso 100 mgkg was injected subcutaneously to rats with 24 h of interval to induce experimental myocardial infarction. Twentyfour hours after randomization, animals were lightly anesthetized with phenobarbital 30 mgkg ip, and, after decapitation, the heart was rapidly excised and perfused on a langendorff apparatus at 37c with krebshenseleit solution of the following composition in mm. Mitochondrial membrane permeability inhibitors in acute. Iso induced necrosis is maximal in the subendocardial region of the left ventrical and in the.
The pharmacologic treatment of myocardial infarction. Amelioration of isoproterenolinduced oxidative damage in rat. Cardioprotective effect of fenugreek on isoproterenolinduced. Myocardial infarction mi is characterized by an inequity of coronary blood supply and demand, which results in myocardial ischemic injury and damages the cardiomyocytes.
Experimental studies indicate that this process accounts for up to 50% of the final infarct size. Isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats rizwana afroz, 1,2 e. All drug classes salicylates 19 statins 2 platelet aggregation inhibitors 25. A heart attack happens when the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart coronary arteries are blocked. Pdf the effect of astragaloside iv on isoproterenol. Drug induced myocardial infarction secondary to coronary artery spasm concluded that the syndrome is considerably more polymor phic than initially inferred by prinzmetal et al. The peripheral blood of patients with hypertension was collected and the expression of mir. Vinpocetine is a phosphodiesterase type1 inhibitor having strong vasodilating effect through camp and cgmp elevation. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of sundarban honey sh in rats with isoproterenol iso induced myocardial infarction. The criteria for type 2 mi includes detection of a rise andor fall of ctn with at least one value above the 99th percentile and evidence of an. Muscle overlying an intramyocardial segment of a coronary artery is termed a myocardial bridge. The diagnosis of myocardial infarction requires evidence.
However, the cardioprotective effects of puerarinv on myocardial infarction mi heart failure are still unclear. Assessment and classification of patients with myocardial injury and. Infarctlike myocardial lesions in the rat by isoproterenol have been described by rona et al. Thus, we aimed to investigate the cardio protective effects of ast on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Its efficacy on depression of patients with acs has been demonstrated 20% of ischemic events at 24 weeks vs placebo, partly independent of the. Dec 24, 20 desflurane induced myocardial protection the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Drugs used to treat myocardial infarction, prophylaxis the following list of medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of this condition. Although the cause of septic shock is likely multifactorial, a depression in myocardial contractility is regarded as a significant precursor of the circulatory compromise in these patients. The intramyocardial segment, the tunneled artery, is compressed during systole. Amelioration of isoproterenolinduced oxidative damage in. Myocardial infarction, antioxidants, isoproterenol, natural products created date. We present a case regarding a 52yearold man with exerciseinduced angina who was. Oxidative stress as the leading cause of acute myocardial infarction in diabetics clara di filippo1,3, salvatore cuzzocrea4, francesco rossi1,3, raffaele marfella2,3, and michele damico1,3 1department of experimental medicine, 2department of geriatrics and metabolic diseases and 3excellence centre for cardiovascular diseases, second university of naples, naples, italy.
This article also provides insights into why diverse therapeutic. As it has been reported that isoproterenol can cause ischemic myocardial alterations, lipid peroxide generation and procoagulant activity, we administered it to rabbits in order to induce a noninvasive myocardial infarction associated with above mentioned. To investigate the effects of chronic administration of silymarin against ischemiareperfusion induced myocardial infarction in rats. Cardiovascular health and the modifiable burden of. Vasodilators may play positive role in myocardial infarction mi.
Sabir hossain, 1 nadia alam, 4 siew hua gan, 4 and md. Pdf cardioprotective effects of rosmarinic acid on. Levarterenol levophed therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Synergistic effects of squalene and polyunsaturated fatty. Department of biochemistry, university of madras, guindy campus chennai 600 025, india received 24 june 2005. Acute treatment with metformin improves cardiac function. Myocardial infarction was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol 100 mgkg once daily for 2 days. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, issn 187548, vol.
Endogenous phospholipase activity in heart homogenate and tissue adenosine triphosphate concentrations were determined 1, 7, and 15 h after isoproterenol injection. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction american. Both levarterenol norepinephrine bitartrate and isoproterenol hydrochloride were infused, and the clinical and hemodynamic effects. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction world heart. We present a case regarding a 52yearold man with exercise induced angina who was. Ibrahimkhalil, 1,2 istiyakahmmed, 1 romanaahmed, 1 e. The response to lnorepinephrine was studied in seven cases and the response to isoproterenol in four cases. To more precisely define acute mi and in recognition of its various presentations, the universal definition of mi was first published in 2007. Cardioprotective activity of silymarin in ischemia. The increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality at 6 months hazard ratio 3. Esc guidelines fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. Cardioprotective effect of mangiferin on isoproterenol. Puerarin is a wellknown traditional chinese medicine which has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction induced by iso has been reported to show many metabolic and morphologic aberrations in the heart tissue of the experimental animals similar to those observed in human myocardial infarction nirmala and puvanakrishnan, 1996.
Avoiding tobacco smoking, eating a wellbalanced diet that is low in saturated fat and refined carbohydrates, undertaking regular physical activity, maintaining appropriate body weight, and moderating the consumption of alcoholic beverages provide the foundation for prevention of cardiovascular disease. These effects were maintained throughout pre infarction, infarction and post infarction suggesting a decrease of cardiotoxicity induced by isoproterenol. To evaluate and validate, in our laboratory, the essay of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats by means of analysis of hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress markers and histopathological parameters. Both levarterenol norepinephrine bitartrate and isoproterenol hydrochloride were infused, and the clinical and hemodynamic effects were compared. In this study, we compared the transcriptional response of the heart in this model to other animal models of heart failure, as well as to the transcriptional response of human hearts suffering heart failure.
While prompt reperfusion in acute stemi is a prerequisite for limiting infarct size, the process of reperfusion itself causes injury ischaemia reperfusion injury, iri due to opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore mptp occurring. The term acute myocardial infarction should be used when there is evidence of myocardial. Risk of myocardial infarction in patients with atrial. Research article amelioration of isoproterenolinduced. Role of nitric oxide in isoproterenolinduced myocardial. Isoproterenol isph induced myocardial infarction was confirmed by disturbances in serum and heart tissue marker enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase ldh, creatine phospho kinase cpk, aspartate transaminase ast and alanine transaminase alt, increased level of lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in the heart of isph. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u. Oxidative stress as the leading cause of acute myocardial.
Actions taken to prevent myocardial infarction also known as a heart attack. Adenosineinduced stress myocardial perfusion imaging. Hyperglycemia is viewed in this article as the primary mediator of a cascade of heart damaging events, starting from ros formation and leading to myocardial ischemia, inflammation and death of myocytes. Rats were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Pdf isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction in wistar rats. Pdf experimental model of myocardial infarction induced. However, the effect of ast on myocardial infarction remains unknown. Ineffectiveness of isoproterenol in shock due to acute. Amidst several mechanisms proposed to explain the isoproterenolinduced myocardial harm, one. Nagarajan, lalit machawal, umakant bajaj myocardial infarction mi induced by isoproterenol iso is a standardized model to study the beneficial effects of different drugs. Methods silymarin was administered orally to wistar albino rats 200 g to 250 g in three different doses 100 mgkg, 250 mgkg and 500 mgkg, by gastric gavage for one week. Evaluation of cardioprotective effect of tinospora cordifolia. To analyse reports of drug induced myocardial infarction and chest pain sent to a national reporting centre.
Variant angina is defined by the angiographic demonstration of spontaneous or induced coronary spasm in patients with rest pain. Mental stress induced myocardial ischemia msimi is common, with reported rates of up to 70% in patients with stable coronary heart disease chd and associated with increased rates of subsequent death, myocardial infarct and coronary revascularization. Cardioprotective effects of puerarinv on isoproterenol. Cardioprotective effect of fenugreek on isoproterenol. Because shockinduced tissue hypoperfusion may cause. Troponin i is the most sensitive and specific marker gold standard for ml, levels rise 2 4 hours after infarction, peak at 24 hours, and return to normal by 710 days. Experimental model of myocardial infarction induced by. Hemodynamics, coronary blood flow, myocardial metabolism.